Vitamins and Minerals Medicines

The chemical name of vitamin A is retinol, which is the first vitamin to be found. There are two kinds of vitamin A. One is vitamin A alcohol, which is the original form of vitamin A (only exists in animal food); The other is carotene, which is converted into a preformed substance of vitamin A in vivo (it can be taken from plant and animal foods); The measurement units of vitamin A are USP unit, IU unit and re unit. Vitamin A, also known as retinol (its aldehyde derivative retinol), is an unsaturated monohydric alcohol with ester ring. Vitamin A includes Vitamin A1 and A2. Vitamin A1 and A2 are similar in structure) retinol can be obtained from plants β- Carotene synthesis, in vivo β- Under the catalysis of carotene-15,15 ′ - dioxygenase (dioxygenase), it was found that β- Carotene is converted into two molecules of retinol, which is reduced to retinol by retinol reductase. so β- Carotene is also known as Pro Vitamin A.

Calcium folinate is a special form of reduced folate, and high-dose folic acid intervention in children with CFD can improve their neurological and developmental abnormalities. Abnormal folate metabolism is related to the occurrence of autism in children. The genetic polymorphism of folate related pathways may lead to abnormal folate metabolism. A study has found that supplementing with folic acid before childbirth and during pregnancy can reduce the risk of developing autism in offspring.

Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is the third redox cofactor found by J.G. Hauge in bacteria after nicotinamide and flavin (although they assumed it was naphthoquinone in advance). Anthony and zatman also found this unknown redox cofactor in alcohol dehydrogenase and named it "methoxatin".

Ferric maltol is an iron(III) atom complexed with 3 maltol molecules to increase the bioavailability compared to iron(II), without depositing it in the duodenum as insoluble ferric hydroxide and phosphate. Ferric maltol has been described in literature since at least the late 1980s as a potential treatment for iron deficiency. Ferric maltol was granted FDA Approval on 25 July 2019.